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PRINCIPLE Doppler log is based on the principle of “Doppler Shift Effect”, i.e., apparent change in frequency received (from what was...

ON ALL SHIP TYPES: 1. Compare compasses soon after taking-over watch. Autopilots usually have a "Magnetic Compass Off Course Alarm"....

Testing of autopilot in the manual mode: The reason for this: The autopilot normally uses very minor angles of the helm while maintaining...

Magnetic off course alarm The gyrocompass may sometimes wander. This could be caused by faults in the system or by...

VTS centers may send information about vessels which are not carrying AIS and which are tracked only by VTS radar, via the AIS to vessels...